What gait pattern might indicate cerebellar dysfunction or sensory ataxia?

• A. Antalgic gait with shortened stance on affected side.
• B. Ataxic gait—unsteady, wide-based, irregular steps with variable step length.
• C. Hemiplegic gait with circumduction.
• D. Festinating gait with propulsion.

Answer: (B)

The pattern being tested is ataxic gait, which points to cerebellar dysfunction or sensory ataxia. This gait is unsteady and wide-based, with irregular steps and variable step length, reflecting impaired coordination or proprioceptive feedback. The wide base helps compensate for balance problems, while the variability in timing and placement shows a lack of smooth, coordinated movement.

Antalgic gait, by contrast, arises from pain and is characterized by a shortened stance on the affected side to minimize discomfort. Hemiplegic gait involves weakness on one side with circumduction of the leg, and festinating gait is seen in Parkinson disease, featuring small, rapid shuffling steps with propulsion.